Season the chicken pieces with 1/2 teaspoon salt and 1/4 teaspoon black pepper. Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the chicken and cook for 5-7 minutes, stirring occasionally, until golden brown and cooked through. Remove the chicken from the skillet and set aside.
Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add the penne pasta and cook according to package instructions until al dente. Drain and set aside.
In the same skillet used for the chicken, add the minced garlic and cook for 1 minute over medium heat until fragrant. Pour in the heavy cream and chicken broth, stirring to combine.
Reduce the heat to low and stir in the grated Parmesan cheese and Italian seasoning. Cook for 2-3 minutes, stirring constantly, until the sauce is smooth and slightly thickened.
Add the cooked pasta, chicken, and halved cherry tomatoes to the skillet. Toss everything together until well coated in the sauce. Cook for an additional 2 minutes to heat through.
Remove from heat and garnish with fresh basil. Serve immediately with extra grated Parmesan cheese on the side.