Preheat the oven to 350°F and line a 12-cup muffin tin with cupcake liners.
In a large mixing bowl, beat the softened butter and sugar together with an electric mixer until light and fluffy, about 2-3 minutes.
Add the eggs one at a time, mixing well after each addition. Stir in the vanilla extract until combined.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Gradually add the dry ingredients to the butter mixture, alternating with the milk, mixing just until the batter is smooth.
Divide the batter evenly among the cupcake liners, filling each about two-thirds full. Bake for 18-20 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean. Let the cupcakes cool completely on a wire rack.
Use a small knife or cupcake corer to remove a 1-inch section from the center of each cupcake. Fill each hole with 1 teaspoon of raspberry jam to create a "brain" effect.
Frost the cupcakes with green frosting using an offset spatula or piping bag. Drizzle the red gel icing over the frosting in a zigzag pattern to mimic veins.